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Though they are being developed on a separate page, these taxonomy use cases are organized under the general category of Vocabulary and Authority and should relate closely to Authorities and Controlled Vocabulary Use Cases. |
University and Jepson Herbaria (UC Berkeley)
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Specimens in the UC and Jepson Herbaria are usually mounted on specimen sheets which are organized in folders and filed in cabinets that are ordered by taxonomy. Folders can contain one or more specimens sheets and are labeled by the accepted taxonomic determination of the specimens contained within the folder. Depending on the specimens contained in the folders, they can also have modifiers such as "cf“cf."”, "aff“aff."”, or " “ indet."”
Scientific Taxonomy
The SMASCH database uses approximately 86,200 verified and 11,600 unverified taxon names for approximately 545,700 specimens. In addition, the database contains approximately 32,100 synonyms and 26,700 common names which are maintained outside of taxonomy. The database also maintains many taxon name forms. For the example of Quercus stellata var. margarettiae:
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- Single taxon names: The majority of specimens will have a single taxon name applied to it.
- Single part names: For ranks of genus and above, the taxon name is a single part name. Examples:
- Betula for the birch genus
- Liliaceae for the lily family
- Marchantiophyta for liverworts
- Two part names: Bionomials are used for taxon names for ranks of species and above, and genus and below. Examples:
- Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
- Monstera deliciosa
- Three part names: Trionomials are used for taxon names for ranks below species. Examples:
- Iris tenuissima subsp. Purdyiformis
- Carex setacea var. setacea
- Phacelia tanacetifolia subvar. Tenuisecta
- Single part names: For ranks of genus and above, the taxon name is a single part name. Examples:
- Multiple taxon names: Hybrids can occur naturally or arise from horticultural activity. They can be given a normal botanical name or a special name. Specially named hybrids are also known as "named hybrids"“named hybrids”. Hybrids can also be named by listing the parents with the "×" “×” character separating the parent names. Interspecific hybrids occur between different species of the same genus while intergeneric hybrids occur between two different genera. Examples:
- Named Hybrids
- Quercus × subconvexa J. M. Tucker is a Quercus durata × Quercus garryana hybrid
- Salix × rubens Schrank is a Salix alba × Salix fragilis hybrid
- Unnamed hybrids:
- Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. × Quercus × alvordiana Eastw. × Quercus john-tuckeri Nixon & C. H. Müll. (In this case one of the parents is a named hybrid.)
- Ceanothus incanus Torr. & A. Gray × Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Eschsch. × Ceanothus velutinus Hook. var. hookeri M. C. Johnst. × Ceanothus foliosus Parry
- Named Hybrids
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- a specimen with multiple identifications/determinations (e.g. based on field id, expert id, dna analysis)
- an identification/determination with multiple scientific names (e.g. A X B, A or B, A and B) (not named hybrids)
- an identification/determination that is a temporary/unpublished/working name (e.g. Bolitoglossa sp. nov. weird feet, Liolaemus sp. nov. neo G)
- an identification/determination with modifiers (e.g., cf., aff., sp.)
- it's fairly common for specimens to only have a "generic" id (e.g., identified only to family)
- it is possible for a specimen to have multiple "current" determinations -- from the collector, from another scientist studying the specimen, from a DNA sequencing lab. The convention (someone please confirm or update!) is that the collector is the system of record for the scientific determination.
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